Grade 7 Natural Science – Test – Task 6

1. Basic Concepts of Energy

This section focuses on introducing fundamental ideas about energy. Key concepts include:

• Definition of Energy: Understanding energy as the ability to do work or cause change. It can exist in various forms, such as kinetic (movement), potential (stored), thermal (heat), and more.
• Forms of Energy: Students learn about different types of energy, including mechanical, electrical, chemical, and thermal energy.
• Energy Transformation: How energy changes from one form to another (e.g., electrical energy in a toaster converts to thermal energy to heat food).

2. Energy in Food Sources

This area examines how energy is stored in and utilized from food. It involves:

• Nutrients and Energy: Understanding how carbohydrates, proteins, and fats in food provide energy to living organisms.
• Caloric Content: Basic knowledge of how calories measure the energy provided by food.
• Digestion and Energy Use: How the body processes food to release energy and the role of metabolism in this process.

3. Renewable and Non-Renewable Energy

Students learn to distinguish between types of energy sources based on their sustainability:

• Renewable Energy: Sources that can be replenished naturally over short periods. Examples include solar, wind, hydro, and geothermal energy. They are considered environmentally friendly as they have less impact on natural resources.
• Non-Renewable Energy: Sources that are finite and cannot be replaced once used up. Examples include fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas. These sources often have environmental impacts due to their extraction and combustion.

4. Law of Conservation and Energy Transfer

This concept explains how energy behaves according to physical laws:

• Law of Conservation of Energy: States that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another. This principle is foundational in understanding how energy moves and changes within systems.
• Energy Transfer: How energy moves between objects or systems.